The Swiss Earnings Structure Survey (ESS) has been carried out every two years in October since 1994 by means of a direct survey of private and public enterprises and administrations. It allows a regular description to be made of the earnings structure in all economic activities of the secondary and tertiary sectors based on representative data. It not only enquires after the economic activity and the size of the enterprise concerned, but also the individual characteristics of employees and their jobs, such as education and training and professional position.