Compulsory education

In 2022/23, almost 1 011 400 pupils were in compulsory education. 18% of them were at primary level 1-2 (Kindergarten, first learning cycle), 54% at primary level 3-8 and 28% at lower secondary level. Girls account for almost half of pupils at each level of compulsory education and pupils of foreign nationality for over a quarter.

Pupils in compulsory education (1): change since 2005/06

	2005/06	2010/11	2015/16	2020/21	2022/23
Total	947 455	913 132	928 229	976 066	1011406
Female (%)	48.6	48.6	48.5	48.5	48.6
Foreign (%)	22.2	24.5	26.7	27.3	28.6
Primary level 1-22	146 474	148 879	170 576	181 099	184 403
Female (%)	48.4	48.7	48.7	48.5	48.6
Foreign (%)	24.0	26.0	27.5	28.5	29.9
Primary level 3-8	454 092	435 882	477 532	530 368	546 495
Female (%)	49.2	49.0	49.1	48.6	48.6
Foreign (%)	21.4	24.1	26.6	27.6	28.8
Lower secondary level	298 414	290 928	248 970	264 599	280 508
Female (%)	49.6	49.4	49.0	48.5	48.6
Foreign (%)	19.3	22.1	24.0	26.0	27.3
Separate education	48 475	37 443	31 151	.	.
Female (%)	37.6	36.5	35.1	.	.
Foreign (%)	41.3	41.2	45.8	.	.

1 Since the school year 2017/18, pupils in special needs school classes, classes for foreign language speaking pupils, introduction classes and other special classes are included in the different levels of compulsory education and no longer in the category "separate education".
2 Kindergarten, first learning cycle Source: FSO – Statistics on pupils and students (SDL)
Data as of: February 2024

According to the HarmoS Agreement, compulsory education lasts eleven years. It covers the primary and lower secondary levels. The primary level lasts eight years including Kindergarten or the first learning cycle, and the lower secondary level education lasts three years. Pupils requiring special needs education are either integrated into normal classes, where they receive specialised teaching support, or are enrolled in special schools or special classes (separate education).
Since 2005/06, numbers of pupils in compulsory education decreased until 2012/13 when they rose again. These variations are largely driven by demographic changes in the corresponding age groups.

During the 2022/23 school year, foreigners accounted for an average of 29% of pupils in Switzerland. This figure varies greatly, however, depending on the canton. The canton of Geneva has the highest proportion of foreign pupils (45%) and the canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden the lowest (10%).

Further information

Data

All data on the topic Pupils and Students